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  Schank Coat of Arms / Schank Family CrestThe surname of SCHANK was derived from the Old English word 'Sceanca'. Early records of the name mention Lefuine Scanches, 1095, County Norfolk. Rotbern Sceanca was documented in County Devon in the year of 1100. Robert Schanke was recorded in County Devon in the year 1190. John Shonke of Yorkshire, was listed in the Yorkshire Poll Tax of 1379. In Scotland, Shank of that Ilk are an ancient family in Midlothian, and they derive their name from these lands. Murdock Shanks had a charter of the lands at Kinghorn, Fife, from Robert Bruce in 1319. Thomas Schankis witnessed a charter in the Castle of Cumnock in the year 1426, and John de Schankis, appears as a charter witness in Glasgow in 1488. James Schankis has remission for his part in holding Dunbertaine Castle against the King in 1489. Thomas Schankis was a witness on a jury in 1595. Alexander Shank was the burgess of Wigtown in the year 1712. The use of fixed surnames or descriptive names appears to have commenced in France about the year 1000, and such names were introduced into Scotland through the Normans a little over one hundred years later, although the custom of using them was by no means common for many years afterwards. During the reign of Malcolm Ceannmor (1057-1093) the latter directed his chief subjects, after the custom of other nations, to adopt surnames from their territorial possessions, and there created 'The first erlis that euir was in Scotland'. The name has many variant spellings which include SHANKIS, SHANKS, SHONKE and SHONKS. In the Middle Ages heraldry came into use as a practical matter. It originated in the devices used to distinguish the armoured warriors in tournament and war, and was also placed on seals as marks of identity. As far as records show, true heraldry began in the middle of the 12th century, and appeared almost simultaneously in several countries of Western Europe. The eagle depicted in the crest is emblematical of fortitude and magnaminity of mind. The Romans used the figure of an eagle for their ensign, and their example has been often followed. It is the device of Russia, Austria, Germany and the United States of America. |
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