This ancient Scottish surname of RENNICK was of the locational group of surnames meaning 'one who came from RENWICK' a parish in County Cumberland, eight miles from Penrith, on the east side of the Eden River. The name is also spelt RUNNICK, RENICK and RENWICK. Habitation names were originally acquired by the original bearer of the name, who, having lived by, at or near a place, would then take that name as a form of identification for himself and his family. When people lived close to the soil as they did in the Middle Ages, they were acutely conscious of every local variation in landscape and countryside. Every field or plot of land was identified in normal conversation by a descriptive term. If a man lived on or near a hill or mountain, or by a river or stream, forests and trees, he might receive the word as a family name. Almost every town, city or village in early times, has served to name many families. The earliest of the name on record appears to be RAUENWICH (without surname) who was recorded in County Cumberland in the year 1178, and RAUENESWICH (without surname) was documented in the year 1190. Later instances of the name include James RENWICK, the Covenanter, who was the last man executed in 1688 for religious principles in Scotland. John RUNNICK is recorded in Dalzell-Kittimuir in 1657, and John RENNICK was recorded there in 1686. John Elliot and Ann RENNICK were married at St. George's, Hanover Square, London in the year 1726. From 1759 to 1776 there was a constant flow of emigrants from the Highlands to North America. Between 1763 and 1775 alone, it is estimated that about 20,000 Highlanders left Scotland for the New World. Highland emigrants in their new American homes freely wore the highland dress, and were not forbidden the music of the 'piob-mhor' which was at that period prohibited in the Highlands by Government as a 'weapon of war'. On the outbreak of the American War in 1775, not only were the Highlanders in America loyal to their mother-country, but they raised a regiment in her support (the 84th Royal Highland Emigrant Regiment). At the conclusion of the war, the Highlanders, resisting all offers made to them by the new nation, crossed the border and settled in Canada.
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