Coat of Arms & Family Crests Store
  Crowl Family Crest / Crowl Coat of ArmsCROLL, CROAL, CROALL, CROLE or CROLE is the name of a small place near Closburn, Dumfriesshire, but there is no evidence that the surname comes from it. The name appears in Kincardine and Mearns where CROLL has been prevalent for several centuries. It is perhaps originally from Criel of CRIEUL near Eu in the department of Seine-Inferieure. The earliest of the name on record appears to be Bertram de CRIOLLE, who was one of the witnesses to a grant between 1251 and 1252, and as de CRIOYL, he witnessed a grant to Robert The Bruce in 1252. Later instances of the name mention Alexander CRIOLE, who rendered to the Exchequer the account of the feu-farmer of Fethircarne in 1559, and David CROILL was recorded in Kethick in 1584. John CROILL was the heir of John CROULL in Auldtoun, Aberdeen in 1642. The first people in Scotland to acquire fixed surnames were the nobles and great landowners, who called themselves, or were called by others, after the lands they possessed. Surnames originating in this way are known as territorial. Formerly lords of baronies and regalities and farmers were inclined to magnify their importance and to sign letters and documents with the names of their baronies and farms instead of their Christian names and surnames. The abuse of this style of speech and writing was carried so far that an Act was passed in the Scots parliament in 1672 forbidding the practice and declaring that it was allowed only to noblemen and bishops to subscribe by their titles. A notable member of the name was James CROLL (1821-90) the Scottish physicist, born in Little Whitefield, near Coupar-Angus. He received an elementary school education, but in science was wholly self-trained. Successively millwright, insurance-agent and keeper of the museum of Anderson's College, Glasgow. Among his works were 'Climate and Time' (1875) and 'The Philosophic Basis of Evolution' (1890). In the Middle Ages heraldry came into use as a practical matter. It originated in the devices used to distinguish the armoured warriors in tournament and war, and was also placed on seals as marks of identity. As far as records show, true heraldry began in the middle of the 12th century, and appeared almost simultaneously in several countries of Western Europe. |
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