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  Croston Family Crest / Croston Coat of ArmsThis surname CROSTON is of the locational group of surnames 'of Croxton' parishes and hamlets in counties Cambridge, Lincoln, Chester, Norfolk and Leicester. In 1086 the compilation of the Domesday Book was ordered by William the Conqueror (1027-87), king of England from 1066. He was born in Failaise, the bastard son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, by Arlette, a tanner's daughter. On his father's death in 1035, the nobles accepted him as a duke. When Edward the Confessor, king of England died in 1066, William invaded England that Autumn and on 14th October killed Harold (who had assumed the title of King) at the Battle of Hastings. English government under William assumed a more feudal aspect, the king's tenants-in-chief and all title to land was derived from his grants, and the Domesday Book contains details of the land settlements, and the names of the owners of such. CROSTUNE (without surname) was such a tenant, recorded in Cambridge, and CROXTON, was listed as a land owner in Leicestershire. Other early instances of the name include Elena de Croxstone, 1273, County Huntingdonshire, and Richard de Croxton of Yorkshire, appears in the Yorkshire Poll Tax of 1379. William Johnson and Frances Crockson were married at St. James's, Clerkenwell, London in the year 1605. The bulk of European surnames in countries such as England and France were formed in the 13th and 14th centuries. The process started earlier and continued in some places into the 19th century, but the norm is that in the 11th century people did not have surnames, whereas by the 15th century they did. During the Middle Ages, when people were unable to read or write, signs were needed for all visual identification. For several centuries city streets in Britain were filled with signs of all kinds, public houses, tradesmen and even private householders found them necessary. This was an age when there were no numbered houses, and an address was a descriptive phrase that made use of a convenient landmark. At this time, coats of arms came into being, for the practical reason that men went into battle heavily armed and were difficult to recognise. It became the custom for them to adorn their helmets with distinctive crests, and to paint their shields with animals and the like. Coats of arms accompanied the development of surnames, becoming hereditary in the same way. |
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