This Italian, German and French surname of LABRIOLA was a name applied to someone who traps or poaches on a noble's land. It was also a French topographic name for someone living in a place cleared for use by burning, originally rendered in medieval documents in the Latin form USTULARE. In some cases the name may also have been used of a person who would commit burning as a medieval order or punishment. The name is also spelt BRUHLE, BRULE, BRIOL, BRULEY, BRUSLE, La BRULOT, BRULIN and BRULARD. Surnames as we know them today were first assumed in Europe from the 11th to the 15th Century. The employment in the use of a second name was a custom that was first introduced from the Normans. They themselves had not long before adopted them. It became, in course of time, a mark of gentler blood, and it was deemed a disgrace for gentlemen to have but one single name, as the meaner sort had. At first the coat of arms was a practical matter which served a function on the battlefield and in tournaments. With his helmet covering his face, and armour encasing the knight from head to foot, the only means of identification for his followers, was the insignia painted on his shield and embroidered on his surcoat, the flowing and draped garment worn over the armour. An infamous member of the name was Count Von Heinrich BRUHL (1700-63) the Saxon politician. He was the unworthy prime minister of Augustus III, king of Poland and Elector of Saxony, he humoured the whims of his master, draining the coffers of the state and burdening the country with debt. He himself meanwhile, maintained a splendid and costly establishment. During the 17th century surnames were brought to Britain, North America and southern Africa by French Huguenot exiles. The Huguenots were French Protestants, and in 1572 large numbers of them were massacred in Paris on the orders of Queen Catherine de'Medici. Many of the survivors sought refuge in England and elsewhere. Although the Edict of Nantes (1598) officially guaranteed religious toleration, persecution continued, and the Edict was revoked by Louis XIV in 1685. It was then the trickle of emigration became a flood. Many migrated to England, while others joined groups of Dutch Protestants settling around the Cape of Good Hope. Others sailed across the Atlantic to establish themselves in North America. |
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